The Mocovíes (in Mocoví: Moqoit) are an indigenous people in Argentina detached from all the Guaicurú. Its language is part of the Mataco-Guaicurú linguistic family and endures in some of the areas that inhabit the provinces of Formosa, Santa Fe and del Chaco.

Before the arrival of the Spanish colonizers, they lived primarily on hunting and gathering. They were a very warrior people, who took the opportunity to attack different cities.

The Mocoví peoples reside exclusively in Argentina. At present, after the migrations of the second half of the twentieth century, they live in communities located in the south of the province of Chaco and in the center and north of the province of Santa Fe. These migrations respond to the search for better working conditions and generate the dismemberment of communities and the formation of new groups of diverse origin, mostly constituting nuclei near important urban centers (Santa Fe and Rosario for example).

The Mocovi language is spoken in the provinces of Chaco and Santa Fe (Argentina). In general, in the case of Santa Fe, the Mocovi occupy semi-rural and / or peripheral-urban spaces. The vitality of the language varies according to the geographical region. Gualdieri (2004) considers that in the Chaco area the degree of vitality of the Mocovi language is greater than that of the Santa Fe zone and recognizes that age is the most important variable with which current sociolinguistic behavior is linked.

The Mocoví peoples have been going through a long time (and with greater intensity in the Santa Fe area), a process of de-culturalization, which is reflected, among other dimensions, by the progressive loss of the language. In the case of the Mocoví aborigines of the Santa Fe area, the use of this language is restricted to increasingly closed areas. As a consequence of this, a determination of the linguistic spaces circumscribed to the familiar is generated. The language is functional in cases such as the dialogue between older marriages within their homes or the encounter between friends in situations of visits or meetings of few members. The age parameter is transcendental and generational lines can be drawn quite clear to delimit the linguistic behavior of these peoples.

Entering the twentieth century, hunting and gathering activities were replaced by work in works. Although it is very difficult to reliably estimate the places where they are settled by the process of ethnic invisibility and cultural assimilation, the Aboriginal Chaco Colony (department Twenty-five of May, Chaco) can be highlighted, in some neighborhoods of Rosario, in the Mocoví district of Recreo ( Gran Santa Fe), in some parts of the province of Buenos Aires, such as the Mocoví Community of Berisso. The current number of Argentines who consider themselves Mocovíes differs according to the source between 5000 and 40 000 people, being about 4500 speakers of the language.

Since 1995 the National Institute of Indigenous Affairs (INAI) began to recognize legal status by registering in the National Registry of Indigenous Communities (Renaci) to indigenous communities in Argentina, including Mocoví communities.

There are even celebrities who were born from their community:
* Michelle Notagay, model and dancer.
* Carlos Monzon, boxer.

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